Collateral Damage

As background to the question that I pose at the end of this post, I'd like to request the reader to consider that which I wrote in an essay entitled: "The Federal Reserve System and Bank Yisra'el", which is to be found on the following URL: http://www.geocities.com/dordot2001/FedBankYisrael.htm

Here are excerpts from the home pages of Rothschilds and J.P.Morgan Chase (which was formed in 2000 when Chase Manhattan Corporation, a Rockefeller enterprise, acquired J.P. Morgan & Co) banks.

The former says, inter alia:
"Rothschild has been at the centre of the world's financial markets for over 200 years. Today, it provides Investment Banking, Corporate Banking and Private Banking & Trust services to governments, corporations and individuals worldwide."
Source: http://www.rothschild.com/

The latter says, inter alia:
"JPMorgan Chase & Co. (NYSE: JPM) is a leading global financial services firm with assets of $1.6 trillion and operations in more than 50 countries. The firm is a leader in investment banking, financial services for consumers, small business and commercial banking, financial transaction processing, asset management, and private equity. A component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average, JPMorgan Chase has its corporate headquarters in New York and its U.S. retail financial services and commercial banking headquarters in Chicago. Under its JPMorgan and Chase brands, the firm serves millions of consumers in the United States and many of the world's most prominent corporate, institutional and government clients."
Source: http://tinyurl.com/235p9m

When people take loans from banks, they put up collateral.

Now, I'm going to ask ya'll a simple question.

What do governments, which have no money of their own, put up as collateral when they borrow from these banks?

Doreen Ellen Bell-Dotan, Tzfat, Israel
DoreenDotan@gmail.com